astronomy help (Zenith)?
I’m trying to do my astronomy homework and i don’t understand this one question. I’ve read the passage in the text book ten or fifteen times already
can someone help me?
here’s the question.
The city of Mumbai (formerly Bombay) in India is 19° North of the equator. On how many days of the year, if any, is the Sun at the zenith at midday as seen from Mumbai?
(Zenith is the point on the celestial sphere that’s directly above the observer)
Hint: the latitude of a location on Earth is determined by the declination that passes through the zenith.
Therefore, whenever the declination of the Sun is 19 N, the Sun will pass directly overhead any observer located at a latitude of 19 N.
The declination of the Sun changes smoothly from 0 (March 21 or so) to 23.44 N (June 21) back to 0 (Sept. 22), to 23.44 S (Dec. 21) and back to 0 (March 21).
So, one day between March 21 and June 21, the declination of the Sun should pass through 19 N (around May 15). One day between June 21 and Sept. 22, the declination of the Sun should pass through 19 N (around July 23).
In reality, it depends how accurately you define “directly above”. Since the apparent diameter of the Sun’s disk is about half a degree (30′) and since the declination of the Sun (around May 15 and July 23) changes by about 14′ per day, it is possible that, on some years, the Sun could be considered “directly above” for two consecutive days in the Spring and two consecutive days in the Summer (a total of 4 days in the year).
However, if this is just a quick question on some homework, stick with “2″ for the answer.
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